 
          References
        
        
          1. The Effect of the Autosampler Vial’s Glass Surface on
        
        
          GC-MS Analysis of Pyrethroid Pesticides at ppb Levels:
        
        
          Brian W King and Anila I Khan. Thermo Fisher
        
        
          Scientific, Runcorn, UK. Poster Reference number
        
        
          PSCCS 0512 588.
        
        
          2. Ullmann's Encyclopedia of Industrial Chemistry,
        
        
          Bernard H. W. S. De Jong, Ruud G. C. Beerkens, Peter
        
        
          A. van Nijnatten,  Eric Le Bourhis: Glass, 1.
        
        
          Fundamentals, Published Online: 15 OCT 2011, DOI:
        
        
          10.1002/14356007.a12_365.pub3, Wiley-VCH Verlag
        
        
          GmbH & Co. KGaA, Copyright © 2002 by Wiley-VCH
        
        
          Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA
        
        
          3. ISO 719:1985 Glass – Hydrolytic resistance of glass
        
        
          grains at 98 degrees C – Method of test and
        
        
          classification.
        
        
          AN20642_E 10/12S
        
        
          Application Note 20642
        
        
          thermoscientific.com/crc
        
        
          © 2012 Thermo Fisher Scientific Inc. All rights reserved. Vespel is a registered trademark of E. I. du Pont de Nemours and Company. All other trademarks are
        
        
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          Conclusion
        
        
          • Studies showed plastic and high purity clear neutral
        
        
          borosilicate glass vials reduce adsorption of pyrethroids
        
        
          at lower concentrations.
        
        
          • The linearity and recovery of the pyrethroids was
        
        
          improved by the use of polypropylene vials but at the
        
        
          risk of absorbed material being introduced into the GC.
        
        
          • The best results were obtained using a high purity 33
        
        
          expansion clear glass vial with low surface activity,
        
        
          which gave higher sample recovery compared to the
        
        
          polypropylene vial.
        
        
          • The SPE-GC/MS method demonstrated high recovery
        
        
          for 0.10 ng/mL of pyrethroids in water.
        
        
          • The GC/MS method was found to be linear over the
        
        
          range of 50 to 2000 ng/mL.
        
        
          • The HyperSep C18 silica SPE cartridge allowed the
        
        
          extraction and preconcentration of pyrethroids in water
        
        
          for quantification.