16
        
        
          The ion exchange properties have a major impact on the shape of the radar plots, and this allows for a separation of the
        
        
          HILIC stationary phases into two main groups:
        
        
          Group 1: For phases which have little ion-exchange activity. These materials can be used for neutral, zwitterionic
        
        
          and mixtures of acids and bases.
        
        
          Group 2: For phases which have considerable ion-exchange activity. Group 2 can be divided further in two
        
        
          subcategories:
        
        
          a) Anion exchange phases; recommended for the analysis of acids.
        
        
          b) Cation exchange phases; recommended for the analysis of bases.
        
        
          Group 1 – Radar plots for HILIC stationary phases with no ion-exchange properties
        
        
          Group 2a – Radar plot for HILIC stationary phase with anion exchange properties
        
        
          Syncronis HILIC
        
        
          (Tb/Tp)
        
        
          (2dG/3dG)
        
        
          k U /2
        
        
          (CX) /2
        
        
          (OH)
        
        
          (V/A)
        
        
          (AX)
        
        
          (CH2)
        
        
          Accucore
        
        
          150-Amide-HILIC
        
        
          (Tb/Tp)
        
        
          (2dG/3dG)
        
        
          k U /2
        
        
          (CX) /2
        
        
          (OH)
        
        
          (V/A)
        
        
          (AX)
        
        
          (CH2)
        
        
          Accucore Urea-HILIC
        
        
          (Tb/Tp)
        
        
          (2dG/3dG)
        
        
          k U /2
        
        
          (CX) /2
        
        
          (OH)
        
        
          (V/A)
        
        
          (AX)
        
        
          (CH2)
        
        
          Acclaim HILIC-10
        
        
          (Tb/Tp)
        
        
          (2dG/3dG)
        
        
          k U /2
        
        
          (CX) /2
        
        
          (OH)
        
        
          (V/A)
        
        
          (AX)
        
        
          (CH2)
        
        
          Hypersil GOLD HILIC
        
        
          (Tb/Tp)
        
        
          (2dG/3dG)
        
        
          k U /2
        
        
          (CX) /2
        
        
          (OH)
        
        
          (V/A)
        
        
          (AX)
        
        
          (CH2)