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We developed and successfully
applied an APCI-LC-MS/MS method
for quantifying a wide range of
compounds from a diverse group of
pharmaceuticals, pesticides, and
personal care products at
concentration in the low ng/L range
in surface waters with good precision
and accuracy. Results confirmed the
presence of pharmaceuticals, personal
care products, and endocrine
disruptors in all water resources
around the region of Montreal. The
concentrations of compounds
fluctuated with sampling locations
due to the variation of these sources,
wastewater contamination and
combined sewer overflow discharges.
References
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Pharmaceuticals, Hormones and Fragrances:
The Challenge of Micropollutants in Urban
Water Management,
IWA
, 2006, p 443.
2. A. Kortenkamp,
Env. Health Perspective
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2007, pp 1-42.
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P. Yang, K. Solomon,
Anal. Bioanal. Chem.
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2006, 384, 505-513.
4. C. D. Metcalfe, X-S Mia, W. Hua, R. Letcher,
M. Servos,
Pharmaceuticals in the Canadian
Environment. In Pharmaceuticals in the
Environment: Sources, Fate, Effects and Risks
,
second edition; K. Kummerer, Ed.; Springer-
Verlag, 2004, 67-87.
5. F. Gagnè, C. Blaise, C. Andrè,
Ecotoxicology
and Environmental Safety
2006, 64, 329-336.
6. P. A. Segura, A. Garcia-Ac, A. Lajeunesse, D.
Ghosh, C. Gagnon and S. Sauvè,
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D. J. Rexing and S. A. Snyder,
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8. C. Zwiener and F. H. Frimmel,
Anal. Bioanal.
Chem
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9. T. A. Ternes,
Trends Anal. Chem
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419-434.
10. S. Souverain, S. Rudaz, J-L. Venthey,
J.
Chrom. A
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Figure 5: (a) The highest mean concentrations of selected compounds in water samples
collected from Mille-Iles River, des Prairies River and St-Laurent River (n = 6). (b) The
lowest mean concentrations of selected compounds in water samples collected from
Mille Iles River, des Prairies River and St-Laurent River (n = 6).
11. B. J. Vanderford, R. A. Pearson, D. J. Rexing
and S. A. Snyder,
Anal. Chem.
, 2003, 6265-
6274.
12. J. B. Schilling, S. P. Cepa, S. D. Menacherry,
L. T. Barda, B. M. Heard and B. L. Stockwell,
Anal. Chem.
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J. D. Henion,
Anal. Chem.
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14. T. Reemtsa,
Trends Anal. Chem
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533-542.