Thermo Scientific
| Reagents, Solvents and Accessories
1
Derivatization Reagents
for Specific Functional
Groups
Functional Group
Procedure
Reagent
Derivative
Notes
Silylation
BSA
TMS Amides
Difficult to form due to steric hindrance
BSTFA
TMS Amides
BSTFA+TMCS
TMS Amides
TMCS used as a catalyst
MSTFA
TMS Amides
Reaction byproducts more volatile
MSTFA+TMCS
TMS Amides
Tri-Sil Reagents
TMS Amides
MTBSTFA
TBDMS Amides
Difficult to form; very stable
MTBSTFA+TBDMCS
TBDMS Amides
TBDMCS aids derivatization
Acylation
MBTFA
Trifluoroacetamides
TFAA
Trifluoroacetamides
PFAA
Pentafluoropropionamides
Good for ECD detection
HFBI
Heptafluorobutyamides
Alkylation
MethElute Reagent (TMPAH)
Methyl Amides
On-column derivatization especially
for drugs
Silylation
BSA
TMS
BSTFA
TMS
BSTFA+TMCS
TMS
TMCS aids derivatization
MSTFA
TMS
MSTFA+TMCS
TMS
TMCS aids derivatization
Tri-Sil
®
Reagents
TMS
Silylation
MTBSTFA
TBDMS
Difficult to form, but more stable
MTBSTFA+TBDMCS
TBDMS
TBDMCS aids derivatization
Acylation
MBTFA
Trifluoroacetamides
Good for trace analysis with ECD
TFAA
Trifluoroacetamides
Good for trace analysis with ECD
TFAI
Trifluoroacetamides
Good for trace analysis with ECD
PFAA
Pentafluoropropionamides
PFPI
Pentafluoropropionamides
HFAA
Heptafluorobutyamides
HFBI
Heptafluorobutyamides
Alkylation
MethElute Reagent (TMPAH)
Methyl Amides
On-column derivatization for specific drugs
Silylation
BSA
TMS
Most often used derivatives
BSTFA
TMS
Good thermal stability
BSTFA+TMCS
TMS
Poor hydrolytic stability
HMDS
TMS
Weak donor usually used with TMCS
MSTFA
TMS
MSTFA+TMCS
TMS
TMCS
TMS
Weak donor usually used with HMDS;
can be used with salts
TMSI
TMS
Can be used with syrups
Tri-Sil Reagents
TMS
MTBSTFA
TBDMS
More stable than TMS, good MS
fragmentation patterns
MTBSTFA+TBDMCS
TBDMS
TBDMCS aids derivatization
Acylation
MBTFA
Trifluoroacetates
Good for trace analysis with EDC
TFAA
Trifluoroacetates
Good for trace analysis with EDC
TFAI
Trifluoroacetates
Good for trace analysis with EDC
PFAA
Pentafluoropropionates
Good for trace analysis with EDC
HFBI
Heptafluorobutrates
Good for trace analysis with EDC
HFAA
Heptafluorobutrates
Good for trace analysis with EDC
Alkylation
PFBBr
Pentafluorobenzyl Ethers
With alkoxides only
Silylation
BSTFA
TMS
TMSI
TMS
Acylation
HFBI
Heptafluorobutrates
Alkylation
Methylate Reagent
Methyl Esters
Amides
O
–C–NH
2
O
–C–NHR
Primary
O
–C–NH
2
O
–C–NHR
Secondary
Amines
H
H
–C–NH
2
H
H
–C–NHR
Primary
H
H
–C–NH
2
H
H
–C–NHR
Secondary
Hydroxyl-OH
R–OH
OH
Alcohols
R–OH
OH
Phenols
Amino
Acids
N C
H
H H
R
C
OH
O